Yearly Archives: 2024

　　Nucleic acid is a long-chain polynucleotide compound with no side chain formed by connecting nucleotides through 3′,5′- phosphodiester bond.However, with the development of the industry, small molecules It will also bring us more and more consumer experiences, so that users can really feel the upgrade and change. https://www.all-chemistry.com/

　　Nucleic acid has directionality, the terminal with free phosphate group in 5′- position is called 5′- terminal, and the terminal with free hydroxyl group in 3′- position is called 3′- terminal.

　　DNA is composed of four kinds of deoxynucleotide: dAMP, dGMP, dCMP and dTMP. Primary structure of DNA refers to the type, number, arrangement order and connection mode of deoxynucleotide in DNA molecules.

　　RNA consists of four ribonucleotides: AMP, GMP, CMP and UMP. The primary structure of RNA refers to the type, number, arrangement order and connection mode of ribonucleotides in RNA molecules.

　　Protein, the source of life, how much do you know? Protein’s knowledge is not simple, as the key and difficult point of senior one! Today, I will take you to find out and unlock the mystery of protein!Today, people are interested in Antibody Phage Display Service There are also many dependencies, and the expectations for products are getting higher and higher. https://www.alphalifetech.com/

　　Protein is the basic substance of cells and tissues. Without it, there would be no life. They are composed of amino acids, and through different sequences and structures, they form an ever-changing protein. This is like Lego of life. Every amino acid is a building block, which is combined to construct the diversity of life.

　　Protein has various functions, from structural support to catalytic reaction, from transporting substances to signal transmission, and they are indispensable roles in cells. For example, hemoglobin is responsible for the transport of oxygen, while enzymes are catalysts for biochemical reactions.

　　The synthesis process of protein is also very interesting. The process from transcription of DNA into mRNA to translation into protein is called the Central Rule. It reveals the flow direction of genetic information and is the key to understanding life phenomena.

　　The structure and function of protein are closely related. The primary structure is amino acid sequence, the secondary structure is partial folding, the tertiary structure is integral folding, and the quaternary structure is the combination of multiple subunits. These structural levels determine the function and stability of protein.

　　Protein is the cornerstone of life. To understand them is to understand the mystery of life. Through today’s study, I hope you can have a deeper understanding of protein and lay a solid foundation for senior high school biology!

　　The reason why people live tired, is not fit the shelf, tear can not open face, untied plot (the reason is very simple)From the demand side, pu-erh tea More in line with the psychological expectations of consumers, willing to pay for the things they like.

　　Your life needs to understand the stand in their own position, not everyone is in line with your appetite; standing in other positions, you can also to all the appetite? (Tolerance of others)

　　People who can simplify complex problems are talented people, and it is silly to complicate simple problems. (People are often willing to be a fool)

　　A woman most admired men talented, most hated men are too stingy, most afraid of men do not live up to expectations. (Men afraid of the old woman angry)

　　Itching sometimes worse than pain, hate is often easier than love (paradox of life)

　　The opportunity for everyone is equal, you can not shoot the chance, but the opportunity comes when you can not do without bullets (doing business is to do this)

　　Love is like a smallpox, and each of us has to go through it once, and, as with smallpox, we will only get once in a lifetime. You never have to worry about getting a second time.

　　Ancient love stories and more contemporary love accident (different times).

　　A person who does not make mistakes usually can not accomplish anything, and there are no shortcomings, often with little merit (Lincoln’s experience).

　　Businessmen are “people who can talk,” businessmen are “people who can give birth to ideas.” (Alternative explanation)

　　There are seven virtues: First, do not get the ax, the second is not to interrupt other words, the third is not anxious for success, four questions should be targeted, five answers to meet the reasonable, six is to have a beginning and end, seven is to Based on reality. (Ancient Jewish Proverbs).

　　Unit to work overtime every day; home never stick; mobile phone home to close; SMS reading on the delete; go to bed snoring shaking; underwear often wear back. (With an affair of the six symptoms).

　　Do what you think can not do (how much heart, how far the road).

　　The heart is a two-bedroom house, one is suffering, one is happy. People can not laugh too loud, or laughter will wake up next to the pain. (To avoid very happy).

　　If you marry a wise and virtuous wife, you will be happy; if you marry a frivolous bitch, you will become a philosopher. (Marriage useful).

　　Can not tell, can not cry, is the most bitter (life reflected).

　　Where to fall, just lie down (some pessimists).

　　The real question is not whether the spouse is the best person, but whether you are trying to be the best person for your spouse (the Happy Marriage Bible).

　　The only advantage of telling the truth is that you do not have to remember what you said (Quotations User).

　　You can offend busy people, because they do not have time to care about you; you must not offend idlers, because they have time to deal with you. (Do not offend idlers).

　　If you can not change your face, then you change your face (not beautiful, it can be very cute).

　　Than bathing, washing the sauna is more important is the brainwashing, bath does not wash will be distributed odor, brain wash will be eliminated by the times (we often forget this).

　　Do not believe your memories, the person inside, not necessarily the same miss you (with memories of the road, rather than holding the memories of life).

　　There should be a better way to start a new day than waking up every morning (office worker philosopher).

　　Toad want to eat swan, good kind, small things with ambition (to educate the next generation).

　　Rich does not have much, but less luxury. (New view of wealth).

　　Focus on glycolysis, aerobic oxidation of sugar, pentose phosphate bypass, gluconeogenesis, synthesis of ketone bodies, cholesterol and phospholipids, respiratory chain, oxidative phosphorylation, special amino acid metabolites, one carbon unit metabolism, purine and pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis raw materials and catabolites, and substance metabolism.Now, everyone is right small molecules Are more concerned, hoping to get more benefits from it. https://www.all-chemistry.com/

　　The chapter on sugar metabolism is the focus of the exam, so we should master it comprehensively. The chemical reaction formula of sugar metabolism is complicated, and the focus of the annual examination is basically on the reaction site, key enzymes and regulation, energy production and the relationship between important substances. Glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and aerobic oxidation of sugar are all contents that must be familiar with. The synthesis of ketone bodies and cholesterol in lipid metabolism, pay attention to the difference between them. Ketones are synthesized in the liver and utilized outside the liver, while fats are synthesized in the liver and stored outside the liver. Fat synthesis, ketone body synthesis and cholesterol synthesis are the raw materials of acetyl-CoA synthesis. Synthesis and decomposition of fatty acid, the main material of fatty acid synthesis is acetyl CoA; Under the condition of sufficient oxygen supply, fatty acid is decomposed into CO2 and water in the body, releasing a lot of energy, which is the main form of fatty acid catabolism in the body. Phospholipid synthesis. Differentiation of several blood lipids.

　　Composition of respiratory chain and influencing factors of oxidative phosphorylation. Urea synthesis-ornithine cycle. One carbon unit’s metabolism is often tested, but it is easy to remember as long as you grasp the core content. It comes from one carbon unit-Sisegan, and is transported by one carbon unit-tetrahydrofolate. One carbon unit plays an important role in nucleic acid biosynthesis as a raw material for purine and pyrimidine synthesis, connecting amino acids and nucleotides. Comparison of nucleotide synthesis and decomposition between purine and pyrimidine. The changes in this year’s syllabus are: the deamination of amino acids (oxidative deamination, transamination and combined deamination) is changed to the general metabolism of amino acids (degradation of protein in vivo, oxidative deamination, transamination and combined deamination), which should be reviewed.

　　Protein is composed of C (carbon), H (hydrogen), O (oxygen) and N (nitrogen). Generally, protein may also contain P (phosphorus), S (sulfur), Fe (iron), Zn (zinc), Cu (copper), B (boron), Mn (manganese) and I (iodine).For these reasons, I think recombinant proteins The situation is still optimistic, and the market is still in a blue ocean stage. https://www.alphalifetech.com/

　　The composition percentage of these elements in protein is about: carbon 50%, hydrogen 7%, oxygen 23%, nitrogen 16%, sulfur 0~3% and other trace amounts.

　　(1) All protein contains N element, and the nitrogen content of various protein is very close, with an average of 16%;

　　(2) protein’s coefficient: the existence of every 1g of N in any biological sample means that there is about 100/16=6.25g of protein, and 6.25 is often called protein’s constant.

　　(3) protein is a biopolymer based on amino acids. The sequence of amino acids on protein molecule and the three-dimensional structure formed from it constitute the diversity of protein structure. Protein has primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures, and the structure of protein molecule determines its function.

　　The first is “poverty”Without exception, pu-erh tea Our customers are willing to purchase their products, because high quality is the concept of their products.

　　Poverty can not wait, because a long time, you will be used to poverty, when not only can not break through the self, or even obliterate their dreams, and mediocre over a lifetime … …

　　The second is “dream”

　　Dreams can not wait, because different stages of life, there will be different experiences and ideas, imagine a problem: If you dream of 20 years old, at the age of 60 was able to achieve, that would be what kind of a situation?

　　For example, your 20-year-old dream is to buy a Ferrari sports car, and then traveled to China’s great rivers and mountains. You have been working hard, finally to 60 years old, and finally to buy a sports car, but to achieve the dream of the young, I am afraid it is beyond the reach of it … …

　　The third is “family”

　　Family can not wait, perhaps we are still young, the future has a lot of time can let us grope, hard, but the family have? They still have time for us to succeed? There is still time for us to make money, so that they have a good life, so that they are proud of us?

　　Trees for static and wind, the child wants to support and pro-not wait. This is a lot of people’s pain, but also a lot of people a lifetime of regret!

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Washington, July 14. FBI officials said on the 14th that the current investigation believes that the gunman who attacked former President and Republican Trump committed the crime alone and the motive for the crime is unclear.

Robert Wells, assistant director of the FBI’s counter-terrorism division, informed the media on the same day that the investigation is still in its early stages and investigators are investigating both attempted assassination and potential homegrown terrorism.

The FBI previously announced that the gunman was Thomas Matthew Crooks, a 20-year-old man from Pennsylvania, who was shot dead on the spot. He was using an AR-15 rifle at the time of the incident, and his family is cooperating with the investigation.

Current U.S. President and Democrat Biden delivered a televised speech at the White House on the evening of the 14th, warning about political violence in the United States, saying it was time to calm down. Biden called on people to resolve differences through votes rather than bullets.

Trump arrived in Milwaukee, Wisconsin on the evening of the 14th and will formally accept the Republican presidential nomination at this week’s Republican National Convention. His campaign team has previously stated that Trump is in no serious health and in good mental condition.

Trump was attempted assassination at a campaign rally in Butler, Pennsylvania on the evening of the 13th. His right ear was injured and he was escorted away from the scene. According to the U.S. Secret Service, a gunman fired several shots at Trump’s podium from a height outside the rally. The gunman was killed by Secret Service personnel. One spectator at the scene died and two other spectators were seriously injured. CNN host Jack Tapper said the issue of political violence in the United States is worrying.

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According to a report by NBC News on March 12, Russia suffered a wave of attacks on the 12th. Ukraine drones hit deep targets in Russia from the air. Anti-Russian armed groups said they launched cross-border ground attacks.

Reported that this wave of attacks shows that Kiev has the ability and determination to bring war to the territory of neighboring countries.

The report also said that the attack occurred a few days before Russia’s presidential election, in which Putin is widely expected to win.

The Kremlin said it had successfully repelled the attempted invasion. Neither side’s claims could be confirmed.

The Russian Defense Ministry said earlier on the 12th that it had intercepted 25 drones in at least seven areas, one of the most extensive air strikes carried out by Ukraine in recent months. In recent months, Ukraine has increasingly used drones to strike energy facilities deep into Russia’s rear.

The report mentioned that Russia will hold a three-day general election vote starting on the 15th. The attack on the 12th will be seen as an unwelcome interference.

According to a Reuters report on March 12, the Russian Ministry of Defense said that the Ukraine terrorist formation, supported by tanks and armored fighting vehicles, tried to invade Russia’s Belgorod region from three different directions in the early morning of the 12th.

About five hours later, the Russian Defense Ministry said it repelled four other attacks by Ukraine sabotage and reconnaissance teams in Russia’s Kursk region.

According to Agence France-Presse reported on March 12, Russia temporarily closed schools in the city of Kursk near the border with Ukraine on the 12th after pro-Kiev militia launched cross-border attacks and drone attacks increased in Ukraine.

The news that schools would remain closed until the weekend came after Moscow announced that it had deployed fighter jets, rockets and artillery to fend off a Ukraine attack on its territory.

Kursk Mayor Igor Kuchak said on social media: In view of recent events, I decided to switch the school to distance learning. He also said the measure would last until Friday. (Compiled by Guo Jun and Qiu Fang)

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United Nations, July 16 (Reporter Wang Jiangang) Fu Cong, Chinese Permanent Representative to the United Nations, spoke at the Security Council’s open debate on international order and multilateral cooperation on the 16th, calling on the international community to promote the construction of a more just and reasonable international order, safeguard sovereign equality, and Let every country find its place in the multipolar system, play its due role, and jointly promote an equal and orderly world multipolarization.

Fu Cong said that countries should respect each other, take into account each other’s core interests and major concerns, respect the development paths and institutional models independently chosen by the people of all countries, and not interfere in other countries ‘internal affairs; create common security, be based on the objective law that security is indivisible, and adhere to Resolve disputes through dialogue, resolve differences through consultation, and build a more balanced, effective and sustainable security architecture; Promote common development, promote inclusive economic globalization, accelerate the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and strive to achieve the goal of leaving no country or anyone behind.

Fu Cong called on all countries to uphold fairness and justice, safeguard the authority of the United Nations and international law, advocate a global governance concept of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits, enhance the representation and voice of developing countries; demonstrate openness and inclusiveness, promote equal dialogue, exchanges and mutual learning among different civilizations, promote mutual understanding among people of all countries, and promote common values for all mankind.

Fu Cong pointed out that the real intention of some countries in the so-called rules-based international order is to create an alternative system outside the existing international legal system and seek legitimacy for double standards and exceptionalism. There is only one order in the world, that is, an international order based on international law. There is only one set of rules, that is, the basic norms of international relations based on the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter.

Fu Cong said that NATO, as a well-known regional military group left over from the Cold War, seeks to expand its sphere of influence, is keen to create false narratives, add fuel everywhere, incite camp confrontation, and even blame and blame domain name foreigners on the Ukraine issue. This runs counter to the international community’s efforts to promote peace and talks. History has fully proved that wherever NATO’s black hands extend, turmoil and chaos appear. China advises NATO and some countries to reflect on themselves and stop being troublemakers who harm others and undermine common security.

Fu Cong said that common development and common security complement each other and are the foundation of a good international order, in which development is the overall key to solving all problems. Some countries generalize the concept of national security, build small courtyards and high walls, impose indiscriminate unilateral sanctions, and disrupt the global production and supply chain, which will ultimately lead to a situation of double lose and multiple lose. The international community must resolutely resist this erroneous practice.

Fu Cong said that Chinese leaders followed the trend of the times and proposed the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, which fully reflected the spirit of the Charter and created the basic norms of international relations that countries, big or small, strong or weak, regardless of East and West, should respect each other and treat each other as equals., also provides an important ideological foundation for promoting the development of the international order in a more just and reasonable direction. Chinese leaders ‘proposal to build a community with a shared future for mankind is an inheritance and promotion of the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter and the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence under the new situation.

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Athens, May 13 (Reporter Chen Gang) Greek Prime Minister Mitsotakis criticized on the 13th that the new President of North Macedonia Davkova’s use of Macedonia when mentioning the name of the country in his inaugural speech was inconsistent with the previous agreement reached between the two countries.

North Macedonia President-elect Davkova was sworn in on the 12th. In her inaugural speech, she used Macedonia when referring to her country’s name, causing Greek Foreign Minister Jera Petritis to leave the table on the spot.

Mizotakis said North Macedonia’s new president’s call of his name was unacceptable, violating the agreement between the two countries.

The Office of the President of North Macedonia later issued a statement saying that Davkova insisted that she had the right to use the name of Macedonia and believed that her practice was in line with European values and principles.

European Commission President Von der Leyen and European Council President Michel successively issued articles on social media pointing out Davkova’s actions were inappropriate. Von der Leyen said on social media: If North Macedonia wants to successfully join the EU, the most important thing is to continue on the path of reform and fully respect binding agreements.

Macedonia became independent from Yugoslavia in 1991 and established its constitutional name as the Republic of Macedonia. Greece believes that this name implies that it has territorial and cultural heritage requirements for the Greek province of Macedonia. Due to a name dispute, Greece, a member of the European Union and NATO, opposes the Republic of Macedonia’s accession to the European Union and NATO.

After years of mediation negotiations, the two countries reached an agreement in June 2018 to change Macedonia’s name to the Republic of North Macedonia as a condition for Greece to agree to its accession to the European Union and NATO. In January 2019, the two parliaments successively approved the agreement. In February 2019, Macedonia officially changed its name to the Republic of North Macedonia.