Monthly Archives: October 2024

　　According to a US news media report, the US Silicon Valley bosses spend more than one million dollars a year on personal security costs of investment, these Silicon Valley bosses, are keen to hire private bodyguards, of which Zuckerberg’s private security costs are the top investment among US technology company executives, reaching tens of millions of dollars. Security for people like Bezos costs about $1.6 million a year.among business bodyguard It has given great spiritual support to entrepreneurs, and more entrepreneurs will contribute to this industry in the future. http://huanyubodyguard.com/

　　

　　private bodyguards

　　

　　Like tech executives in the United States, Chinese tech executives also employ private bodyguards, like the former celebrity Jack Ma, who has elite bodyguards dedicated to providing him with security services and is rumored to be a low-key martial arts master who knows traditional Chinese martial arts. Most Chinese tech executives are surrounded by bodyguards who know kung fu skills like boxing, free combat, kickboxing, Brazilian jiu-jitsu, can drive a car, can dive, know basic business etiquette, and know technical reconnaissance skills. Some of the bodyguards employed by China’s technology giants are from professional bodyguard units such as the Huanyu Brothers Bodyguard Company in Shenzhen, China, and some are security personnel of the security department established by the company’s senior executives.

　　

　　private bodyguards

　　

　　In fact, not only the big men of Silicon Valley and Chinese technology companies have to take private bodyguards around them, but also the executives of many technology companies around the world will take private bodyguards, such as some company executives in India, Japan, and South Korea, when they travel, they have professional security services. It’s just that most of the world’s tech executives don’t spend as much on bodyguards as Mr. Berg does. However, hiring bodyguards has become the security consensus of world-class science and technology leaders, their social value and economic value is extremely high, once there is danger, the loss is immeasurable, so these people go where they will take private bodyguards.

　　For thrill-seekers and outdoor enthusiasts, capturing high-quality footage of their adventures is essential. The Hawkeye Firefly sports camera company offers a range of waterproof sports cameras with 4K capabilities, designed to withstand the elements and provide stunning video quality. This blog post explores the features and benefits of Hawkeye Firefly’s waterproof 4K sports cameras, highlighting why they are the perfect choice for capturing your adventures.However, in other words, we should know more about it. hawkeye firefly q6 action camera The law of development has brought new vitality to the whole industry and revitalized the market. https://hawkeyecameras.com/

　　

　　Capture Every Adventure: Waterproof 4K Sports Camera by Hawkeye Firefly(夕1)

　　

　　Why Choose a Waterproof Sports Camera with 4K Resolution?

　　

　　High-Quality Footage: 4K resolution ensures that every detail of your adventure is captured in stunning clarity, making your videos look professional and immersive.

　　

　　Durability: A waterproof sports camera can handle various environments, from underwater dives to snowy mountain slopes, without compromising performance.

　　

　　Versatility: Whether you’re surfing, skiing, or snorkeling, a waterproof sports camera with 4K resolution is versatile enough to capture every moment in any condition.

　　

　　Hawkeye Firefly Waterproof 4K Sports Cameras: Features and Benefits

　　

　　1. Superior Video Quality

　　

　　Hawkeye Firefly sports cameras deliver 4K resolution, providing crisp and clear footage that captures every detail of your adventures.

　　

　　2. Waterproof Design

　　

　　Designed to withstand water depths of up to 30 meters, these cameras are perfect for underwater exploration, swimming, and water sports.

　　

　　3. Durable and Rugged

　　

　　Built to endure harsh conditions, Hawkeye Firefly sports cameras are shockproof and resistant to dust, making them ideal for extreme sports and outdoor activities.

　　

　　4. Advanced Stabilization

　　

　　Equipped with electronic image stabilization (EIS), these cameras ensure smooth and stable footage, even in the most challenging environments.

　　

　　5. Compact and Lightweight

　　

　　The compact design of Hawkeye Firefly sports cameras makes them easy to carry, allowing you to document your adventures without added bulk.

　　

　　Capture Every Adventure: Waterproof 4K Sports Camera by Hawkeye Firefly(夕2)

　　

　　Tips for Using Your Waterproof 4K Sports Camera

　　

　　Check Waterproof Housing: Ensure the waterproof housing is securely sealed before using the camera in water to prevent any damage.

　　

　　Rinse After Use: Rinse the camera with fresh water after using it in saltwater to remove any salt residue and prevent corrosion.

　　

　　Use Anti-Fog Inserts: To avoid fogging inside the waterproof housing, use anti-fog inserts, especially in humid or cold environments.

　　

　　Keep Extra Batteries: Carry spare batteries to ensure you have enough power to capture all your adventures without interruption.

　　

　　Conclusion

　　

　　The hawkeye firefly sports camera company offers some of the best waterproof 4K sports cameras on the market, providing superior video quality, durability, and versatility. Whether you’re diving into the ocean, hitting the slopes, or exploring rugged terrains, Hawkeye Firefly sports cameras are designed to capture every moment in stunning 4K resolution. Invest in a Hawkeye Firefly sports camera and take your adventure documentation to the next level.

　　Biodegradable vest bags are an innovative type of plastic bag crafted from degradable plastic materials. Unlike traditional plastic bags, biodegradable vest bags offer superior degradation performance and a significantly reduced environmental impact.Traditional plastic bags are typically made from synthetic plastics such as polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP). These materials can take hundreds of years to fully degrade, leading to severe environmental pollution. The persistent nature of these plastics means they accumulate in the environment, causing harm to wildlife and ecosystems.After screening and investigation recycle trash bags It is likely to become a new force driving economic development. https://biodegradable-gd.com

　　

　　1. What Makes Biodegradable Vest Bags Different?

　　

　　Biodegradable vest bags are made from materials such as starch derivatives or polylactic acid (PLA), which can degrade much more rapidly under natural conditions. This swift degradation process helps to lessen the environmental burden significantly. The production process for biodegradable vest bags is similar to that of traditional vest bags, featuring a hollow structure that makes it easy to load shopping items. These bags are versatile and suitable for various uses, including shopping and food packaging.

　　

　　

　　2. Performance and Environmental Benefits

　　

　　Biodegradable vest bags perform similarly to traditional vest bags in terms of durability and functionality. However, their environmental benefits are substantial. After use, these bags can be broken down into water, carbon dioxide, and biomass by microorganisms, water, and oxygen in the natural environment. This degradation process happens relatively quickly and does not pollute the soil or water bodies. Moreover, biodegradable vest bags meet both national and international environmental protection standards, aligning with the principles of sustainable development.

　　

　　3. Production Considerations

　　

　　While biodegradable vest bags offer many environmental advantages, there are some considerations to keep in mind. The production of these bags can result in relatively high carbon emissions due to the significant amount of energy consumed during the manufacturing process. Additionally, biodegradable vest bags require specific environmental conditions to degrade effectively. Without proper treatment and suitable degradation conditions, they can still have a negative impact on the environment.

　　

　　

　　4. Responsible Use and Disposal

　　

　　To maximize the environmental benefits of biodegradable vest bags, it is essential to use and dispose of them responsibly. Proper handling and ensuring they are subjected to appropriate degradation conditions are crucial for minimizing their environmental impact.

　　

　　Conclusion:

　　

　　Biodegradable vest bags represent a significant advancement in the quest for environmentally friendly packaging solutions. They address the critical issue of plastic pollution by offering a more sustainable alternative to traditional plastic bags. However, to fully leverage their environmental benefits, it is important to use these bags responsibly and ensure they are disposed of under suitable conditions. By doing so, biodegradable vest bags can play a pivotal role in reducing the environmental footprint of plastic waste and promoting sustainable practices.

　　According to China News network news, the riots in Bangladesh, is showing a growing trend, the Bangladeshi demonstrations have evolved into a national riot in Bangladesh, some reactionaries took the opportunity to smash, loot and burn, the Chinese community in Bangladesh is encountering a serious threat to life safety and property security. The Chinese embassy in Bangladesh called on the Chinese in Bangladesh to pay attention to safety and avoid being involved in the incident.Since then, more and more people have found that female bodyguard The value of, thus affecting the choice of many people. http://huanyubodyguard.com/

　　

　　

　　As the nationwide uprising in Bangladesh spirals out of control, the Chinese community caught up in it is aware of the danger. Some Chinese people doing business in Bangladesh are trying to buy weapons for security defense, and some individual Chinese businessmen are preparing to hire private security teams from China’s Shenzhen Huanyu Brothers Bodyguard company to carry out personal security armed, afraid that the conflict in Bangladesh will be passed on to the Chinese, and then the Chinese will become the innocent victims of this uprising.

　　

　　The nationwide uprising in Bangladesh, an uprising organized by Bangladeshi civilians against the hereditary government of civil servants, has turned violent as events have spiraled out of control, and many of those involved have turned into MOBS, demonstrators, demonstrators, demonstrators, demonstrators, demonstrators, demonstrators, demonstrators. Taking this opportunity to wantonly destroy the private property of others, and burn and loot along the way, the Bangladeshi government has deployed a large number of military police to suppress the people involved in the incident.

　　

　　Since the riots in Bangladesh, many Chinese have expressed security concerns, and many are looking for ways to protect themselves and their families from being caught up in the unrest and becoming an outlet for the mob’s anger.

　　Non-standard nuts have always been popular with users in the market. Because there is no fixed standard, non-standard nuts are customized according to customer needs and sizes. So what is the process of customizing non-standard nuts?At first, non standard fasteners It developed out of control and gradually opened up a sky of its own. https://jieruifasteners.com/

　　

　　1. First of all, before customizing non-standard nuts, you should think about which product the non-standard nuts will be used on and what effect they will achieve on the product. Will they be injected into the product or will they serve as a connection between two products?

　　

　　custom non standard nuts.jpg

　　

　　2. Secondly, the appearance of non-standard nuts and the specifications, sizes, and patterns of non-standard nuts should be designed according to the needs of the product. The material and surface treatment of non-standard nuts should be determined in combination with the product and its use environment. Materials such as copper, iron, stainless steel, alloy, etc. Surface treatment processes such as galvanizing iron nuts or degreasing stainless steel nuts.

　　

　　non standard fasteners.jpg

　　

　　3. The drawings of non-standard nuts are generally designed by the demander, and the specifications, sizes and requirements of each part of the non-standard screws are marked on the drawings. If there is no drawing. As long as the product for non-standard nuts is provided, or the requirements for non-standard nuts are provided, the manufacturer can also design non-standard screws according to the actual situation.

　　

　　nut mold supplier.jpg

　　

　　4. After the drawing is designed, proofs are made according to the size and specifications of the nut. If there are no problems with the sample production, mass production will be carried out according to the requirements of the nut.

　　Dear future international students, the excitement and anxiety of stepping into a foreign land coexist, especially the concern that the high prices abroad will make the already limited living expenses even more difficult?According to professional reports, sourching agent There will be a great period of growth, and the market business is constantly expanding, and it will definitely become bigger and bigger in the future. https://flyportt.com/

　　

　　Don’t be afraid, FLY has prepared a series of recommended mailing items for you to study abroad, making your study abroad journey easy and comfortable!

　　

　　Lifestyle category:

　　

　　Conversion plug: Different countries have different socket standards. With a few conversion plugs, your electronic devices can seamlessly connect to foreign power sources, avoiding the embarrassment of “power shortage”.

　　

　　Paper drawer and storage box: Although they can also be purchased abroad, the price is often expensive. Sending in advance is both economical and environmentally friendly, and can also be selected according to personal preferences, improving the quality of life.

　　

　　Garbage bags and slippers: These small items may seem inconspicuous, but they are indispensable in daily life. There are various varieties and affordable prices in China, making it a must-have item in study abroad luggage.

　　

　　Glasses: Especially for friends with vision needs, foreign glasses are not only expensive, but may also face language communication barriers. Prepare spare glasses in advance, which is both worry free and cost-effective.

　　

　　international students

　　

　　Food category:

　　

　　Potato chips, Luosifen, instant noodles: These snacks not only satisfy your Chinese stomach, but also are the best choice to alleviate homesickness. Although substitutes can be found abroad, the taste is always slightly inferior.

　　

　　Hotpot seasoning and rice noodles: On weekends, make a few friends and cook a authentic Chinese hotpot or rice noodle dish by yourself. It’s warm and satisfying, instantly bringing you closer to your hometown.

　　

　　Spicy sauce: For friends who enjoy spicy food, a bottle of hometown style spicy sauce is the best seasoning for overseas life. Every bite is the taste of home, bringing comfort to homesickness.

　　

　　international students

　　

　　Accessories category:

　　

　　Contact lenses, false eyelashes, and wearing armor: These beauty accessories can help you maintain your personality and fashion even in a foreign land, and there are many choices in China with obvious price advantages.

　　

　　Phone case and earring necklace: compact and lightweight, easy to carry, and replaceable at any time, allowing you to showcase your unique charm in different occasions

　　

　　Electrical appliances:

　　

　　Rice cookers and kettles: Cooking Chinese food by oneself is both healthy and economical. Domestic brands are diverse and fully functional, making them more affordable than purchasing from abroad.

　　

　　Folding washing machine: For international students with limited living space, folding washing machines are simply a miracle tool, easily solving the problem of changing laundry.

　　

　　Electric boiling pot and hair dryer: multifunctional electric boiling pot with one pot and multiple uses, convenient and fast; Hair dryers are essential tools for daily hair care, and choosing domestic brands offers high cost-effectiveness.

　　

　　international students

　　

　　If you are not used to life/food when studying abroad, you can transfer more daily necessities and snacks abroad, so that you won’t be so painful at the beginning!

　　The firefly Q6 V3 action camera is a versatile device designed to cater to a wide range of filming needs. One of its standout features is the variety of frame rate options it offers, allowing users to capture videos in different resolutions and speeds to suit their specific requirements.know hawkeye action camera manufacturers The market will definitely bring great influence to the whole industry. https://hawkeyecameras.com/

　　

　　1080p at 60fps

　　

　　The most commonly used resolution and frame rate for the Firefly Q6 V3 is 1080p at 60 frames per second (fps). This setting is ideal for capturing smooth, high-definition videos, particularly in situations where there is a lot of movement, such as sports or action scenes. The 60fps rate ensures that the footage appears fluid and reduces motion blur, making it perfect for fast-paced environments.

　　

　　What Are the Available Frame Rate Options on the Firefly Q6 V3?(夕1)

　　

　　2.7K at 30fps

　　

　　For those who want higher resolution than 1080p but don’t necessarily need 4K, the Firefly Q6 V3 offers a 2.7K resolution at 30fps. This setting strikes a balance between resolution and file size, providing clearer details than 1080p while still maintaining a reasonable file size for storage. The 30fps rate is well-suited for standard video recording, where extreme slow motion is not required.

　　

　　4K at 30fps

　　

　　The Firefly Q6 V3 also supports 4K video recording at 30fps, the highest resolution option available on this camera. Recording in 4K offers the best possible video quality, capturing incredibly detailed footage that is perfect for viewing on large screens or for projects that demand the highest clarity. However, the trade-off is that 4K videos take up more storage space and may require more powerful hardware for editing.

　　

　　720p at 120fps

　　

　　For those interested in creating slow-motion videos, the Firefly Q6 V3 offers a 720p resolution at 120fps. This high frame rate allows users to slow down footage significantly while maintaining smooth playback. Although the resolution is lower than 1080p, the ability to capture high-speed action and then slow it down in post-production can create dramatic and visually appealing effects.

　　

　　Other Frame Rate Options

　　

　　In addition to these main options, the Firefly Q6 V3 may also offer other frame rates and resolutions depending on the firmware version and user preferences. Some users might prefer 1080p at 30fps for longer recording times with good quality, or 2.7K at 60fps if they need a balance between resolution and smoothness.

　　

　　What Are the Available Frame Rate Options on the Firefly Q6 V3?(夕2)

　　

　　Choosing the Right Frame Rate

　　

　　Selecting the right frame rate depends on what you’re filming and how you plan to use the footage. For general use, 1080p at 60fps is usually sufficient, offering a good mix of quality and fluidity. If you’re shooting for cinematic purposes or large displays, 4K at 30fps is the way to go. For action-packed scenes where slow-motion playback is desired, 720p at 120fps is an excellent choice.

　　

　　In conclusion, the Firefly Q6 V3 action camera provides a range of frame rate options to suit different filming scenarios, making it a versatile tool for both amateur and professional videographers. Whether you’re capturing fast-moving sports, scenic landscapes, or everyday moments, there’s a frame rate setting on the Firefly Q6 V3 that will meet your needs.

　　Pets are members of the family. We love them and care about their health and happiness. However, while taking care of them, we also need to pay attention to environmental protection. Biodegradable poop bags are an environmentally friendly choice that can help reduce the impact of pet waste on the environment. Biodegradable dog poop bags are indispensable environmentally friendly products in modern society. They are favored by more and more pet owners for their green, environmentally friendly and biodegradable characteristics. When you walk on the street and see someone throwing away pet feces, have you ever felt upset? Eco friendly dog poop bags can solve this problem. Dog poop bags can not only make it easy to clean up pet feces, but also protect the environment and make the earth cleaner and more beautiful.In some cases, biodegradable dog poop bags The advantages will become more and more obvious, and it will be able to develop indomitable after market tests. https://biodegradable-gd.com

　　

　　

　　1. The Environmental Impact of Traditional Plastic Bags

　　

　　Traditional plastic bags are a significant environmental hazard. Made from non-renewable petroleum products, they take hundreds of years to decompose, lingering in landfills and oceans. These bags can cause harm to wildlife, clog waterways, and contribute to the growing problem of plastic pollution. When pet owners use conventional plastic bags for dog waste, they inadvertently add to this environmental burden.

　　

　　

　　2. How Biodegradable Bags Work

　　

　　Biodegradable dog poop bags are designed to break down through natural processes. They are typically made from materials like cornstarch, vegetable oils, and other plant-based ingredients. These materials decompose through the action of microorganisms, converting the bags into water, carbon dioxide, and biomass. The rate of decomposition can vary depending on environmental conditions, but it is significantly faster than that of conventional plastic bags.

　　

　　When you use a dog poop bag, you may feel a little proud because you are doing your part for environmental protection. When you see other people throwing away pet waste, you may feel angry because their behavior is damaging the environment. The environmentally friendly characteristics of compostable dog poop bag allow us to actively participate in environmental protection actions in our daily lives.

　　

　　

　　3. Making the Switch

　　

　　Transitioning to biodegradable dog poop bags is a simple yet impactful way to support green living. By making this small change, you contribute to a larger movement towards reducing plastic waste and protecting the environment. Encourage fellow dog owners to join the cause and spread awareness about the benefits of using biodegradable bags.

　　

　　

　　4. Conclusion

　　

　　Biodegradable dog poop bags are a practical and eco-friendly alternative to traditional plastic bags. They help reduce pollution, conserve resources, and protect wildlife, making them an essential tool for any environmentally conscious dog owner. By choosing biodegradable options, we take a step towards a cleaner, greener planet, ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.

　　1. List of questions and alliance answers for operators to deploy NB-IoTAs it happens, many people are killed Wireless Module And bring more benefits, make it flourish, and promote the industry greatly. https://www.hkulike.com/

　　

　　How is the network architecture of NB-IoT composed?

　　

　　Building vertical industry application of Internet of Things based on NB-IoT technology will tend to be simpler and the division of labor will be clearer.

　　

　　How do domestic and foreign operators divide the frequency bands of NB-IoT?

　　

　　Most operators in the world use the 900MHz frequency band to deploy NB-IoT, and some operators deploy it in the 800MHz frequency band. China Unicom’s NB-IoT is deployed in 900MHz and 1800MHz frequency bands, and only 900MHz can be tested at present. In order to build the NB-IoT Internet of Things, China Mobile will obtain the FDD license and allow the existing 900MHz and 1800MHz frequency bands to be re-cultivated. China Telecom’s NB-IoT is deployed in the 800MHz band, with a frequency of only 5MHz.

　　

　　NB-IoT network deployment schedule?

　　

　　In 2016, China Unicom launched NB-IoT field-scale networking tests based on 900MHz and 1800MHz in seven cities (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Fuzhou, Changsha and Yinchuan), as well as more than six business application demonstrations. In 2018, the commercial deployment of NB-IoT will be fully promoted nationwide. China Mobile plans to start the commercialization of NB-IoT in 2017. China Telecom plans to deploy NB-IoT network in the first half of 2017. Huawei and six operators (China Unicom, China Mobile, Vodafone, Emirates Telecom, Telefonica and Italia Telecom) set up six NB-IoT open laboratories around the world, focusing on NB-IoT business innovation, industry development, interoperability testing and product compatibility verification. ZTE and China Mobile completed the technical verification demonstration of NB-IoT protocol in the laboratory of China Mobile’s 5G Joint Innovation Center.

　　

　　Can non-operators deploy NB-IoT networks?

　　

　　The answer is no.

　　

　　Does NB-IoT need real-name registration system?

　　

　　All needs, tracked to the responsible subject.

　　

　　Does NB-IoT all adopt eSIM?

　　

　　The product features of NB-IoT are that it can work without installation and configuration, and it can be directly connected to the network by booting, and it supports functions such as automatic equipment registration and air upgrade. SIM card and eSIM will coexist for a long time, and operators refuse the soft SIM mode.

　　

　　What is the operator’s plan to quit the 2G/3G network?

　　

　　China Unicom may gradually close its 2G network in 2018, and in some places it may close its 3G network. Japan’s mobile operators have all shut down 2G networks, and AT&T in the United States, Telstra and Optus in Australia have announced plans to shut down 2G networks. Telenor plans to close its 3G network in Norway in 2020, followed by its 2G network in 2025. Some operators consider that there are more than 100 million GPRS IOT terminals and low-end GSM mobile phones for a long time, and the cost of GSM is lower than that of LTE for a long time because of its low complexity and no patent fees. Therefore, most operators will maintain the GSM frequency band to continue their operations for a long time.

　　

　　Do operators support NB-IoT roaming?

　　

　　The answer is no.

　　

　　How can operators ensure the stability of NB-IoT network?

　　

　　NB-IoT is directly deployed in GSM, UMTS or LTE networks, which can be reused with existing network base stations to reduce deployment costs and achieve smooth upgrade. However, the use of a separate 180KHz frequency band does not occupy the voice and data bandwidth of existing networks, ensuring that traditional services and future Internet of Things services can be carried out stably and reliably at the same time.

　　

　　The control and bearer of NB-IoT are separated, with signaling on the control plane and data on the bearer plane. If it is a low-rate service, it goes directly to the control plane, and no dedicated bearer is established, which omits the signaling process of establishing a link between NAS and the core network and shortens the wake-up recovery delay. NB-IoT is an operational telecommunications network. This is the key to distinguish NB-IoT from GPRS, LoRa, SigFox and other technologies.

　　

　　How can operators make use of NB-IoT network to make profits?

　　

　　Operators’ existing areas such as QoS service quality assurance, network security, telecom-level billing and big data services continue to maintain their industry advantages. NB-IoT network allows operators to strengthen their business service capabilities in the field of Internet of Things, including cloud service provision, mass customer management, real-name authentication of Internet of Things, system general contracting integration, and high-end customized services for large customers.

　　

　　Price issues related to NB-IoT?

　　

　　Operator’s charges: one is based on flow and the other is based on message, and the trend will be lower than the price of GPRS cost chip: lower than the price of 2G main chip, with a reasonable expected price of $1. Module price: lower than the price of GPRS module, with a reasonable expected price of $2. Terminal price: pricing maintenance cost according to actual function: far lower than the existing network maintenance cost subsidy policy: operators will provide larger operating subsidies in the early stage.

　　

　　2. List of questions and answers about NB-IoT technology.

　　

　　Will NB-IoT standard support TDD LTE?

　　

　　At present, FDD LTE system supports NB-IoT technology, while TDD LTE system does not support NB-IoT technology. The physical layer design of NB-IoT mostly follows LTE system technology, such as SC-FDMA for uplink and OFDM for downlink. The design of high-level protocol follows LTE protocol, and its function is enhanced according to its small data packet, low power consumption and large connection characteristics. The core network is connected based on S1 interface, which supports independent deployment and upgrade deployment.

　　

　　Does NB-IoT support base station positioning?

　　

　　R13 does not support base station location, but the operator network can do private solutions, such as location based on cell ID, which will not affect the terminal, and only need the network to increase the location server and contact with the base station. R14 plans to enhance positioning, supporting E-CID, UTDOA or OTDOA, and the operator’s desired positioning accuracy target is within 50 meters.

　　

　　Considering the terminal complexity, UTDOA is better, because it has little influence on the terminal, and in the case of enhanced coverage (basement 164dB), UTDOA (uplink) power consumption is lower; If coverage enhancement is not needed in most scenarios, OTDOA (downlink) will be better from the perspective of network capacity.

　　

　　What are the deployment methods of NB-IoT?

　　

　　NB-IoT supports three different deployment modes, namely independent deployment, guard band deployment and in-band deployment. Independent deployment: A separate frequency band can be used, which is suitable for re-cultivation in GSM frequency band. Guard band deployment: The marginal useless frequency band in LTE system can be utilized. In-band deployment: Any resource block in the middle of LTE carrier can be utilized.

　　

　　What modulation and demodulation technology does NB-IoT use?

　　

　　OFDMA is used for downlink, and the subcarrier spacing is 15kHz. The uplink adopts SC-FDMA, single-tone: 3.75kHz/15kHz, and multi-tone: 15kHz. Only need to support half duplex, with a separate synchronization signal. The terminal supports the indication of Single-tone and Multi-tone capabilities. The MAC/RLC/PDCP/RRC layer processing is based on the existing LTE processes and protocols, and the physical layer is optimized.

　　

　　What are the number of connected users and active users of NB-IoT base station?

　　

　　NB-IoT has 50-100 times the uplink capacity improvement compared with 2G/3G/4G, and NB-IoT can provide 50-100 times the access number compared with the existing wireless technology under the same base station. Under the frequency of 200KHz, according to the simulation test data, a single base station cell can support 50,000 NB-IoT terminals to access.

　　

　　What is the coverage of NB-IoT base station?

　　

　　NB-IoT has a gain of 20dB higher than that of LTE and GPRS base stations, and it is expected to cover underground garages, basements, underground pipelines and other places where signals are difficult to reach. According to the simulation test data, in the independent deployment mode, the coverage capacity of NB-IoT can reach 164dB, and the in-band deployment and guard band deployment need to be simulated and tested.

　　

　　What is the uplink and downlink transmission rate of NB-IoT?

　　

　　NB-IoT RF bandwidth is 200kHz. Downlink rate: greater than 160kbps and less than 250kbps. Uplink rate: greater than 160kbps and less than 250 kbps (multi-tone)/200 kbps (single-tone).

　　

　　Does NB-IoT support retransmission mechanism?

　　

　　NB-IoT adopts retransmission (up to 200 times) and low-order modulation to enhance coverage.

　　

　　Does NB-IoT support voice?

　　

　　NB-IoT supports Push to Talk without coverage enhancement. In the scenario of enhanced coverage of 20dB, only similar voicemails can be supported. NB-IoT does not support VoLTE, which requires too high delay, and the high-level protocol stack needs QoS guarantee, which will increase the cost.

　　

　　Why does the chip of NB-IoT consume low power?

　　

　　The energy consumed by a device is related to the amount or rate of data, and the size of data packets sent per unit time determines the size of power consumption. NB-IoT introduces eDRX power saving technology and PSM power saving mode, which further reduces power consumption and prolongs battery life. NB-IoT can keep devices online all the time, but it can save power by reducing unnecessary signaling and not accepting paging information when in PSM state.

　　

　　In PSM mode, the terminal is still registered in the network, but the signaling is unreachable, which makes the terminal stay in deep sleep for a longer time to save electricity. EDRX power saving technology further prolongs the sleep period of the terminal in idle mode, reduces unnecessary startup of the receiving unit, and greatly improves the downlink accessibility compared with PSM.

　　

　　Does NB-IoT sleep wake-up mode affect battery life?

　　

　　At present, the working time given by NB-IoT is based on simulation data, without considering the battery itself and environmental factors, such as self-discharge and aging of the battery, high and low temperature environmental impact, etc. In actual use, it is necessary to comprehensively evaluate the power supply time of the battery according to the actual situation. NB-IoT adopts the power-saving scheme of sleep wake-up. When the battery is awakened during sleep, it will receive instantaneous strong current, which will greatly affect the battery life. The application of meter reading usually adopts lithium thionyl chloride (Li/SOCl2) battery and super capacitor. Consumer electronics and others should be powered by li-polymer.

　　

　　Why are NB-IoT chips cheap?

　　

　　Low speed, low power consumption and low bandwidth bring low cost advantages. Low speed: it means that no large cache is needed, so the cache can be small and the DSP configuration is low; Low power consumption: it means that RF design requirements are low, and small PA can be realized; Low bandwidth: It means that there is no need for complicated equalization algorithm … These factors make the NB-IoT chip small, so the cost will be reduced.

　　

　　Taking a certain chip as an example, NB-IoT chip integrates BB, AP, Flash and battery management, and reserves the function of sensor set. The AP includes three ARM-M0 cores, and each M0 core is responsible for the application, security and communication functions respectively, which facilitates the function management and reduces the cost and power consumption.

　　

　　What is the range of NB-IoT to the device movement rate?

　　

　　NB-IoT is suitable for application scenarios with weak mobility support (such as intelligent meter reading, intelligent parking, etc.), while simplifying the complexity of the terminal and reducing the power consumption of the terminal. NB-IoT does not support mobility management in connected state, including related measurement, measurement report, handover, etc.

　　

　　What is the network delay of NB-IoT?

　　

　　NB-IoT allows a delay of about 10s, but it can support a lower delay, such as about 6s, in the environment of maximum coupling loss.

　　

　　3. Deployment of NB-IoT technology in various vertical application fields of the Internet of Things.

　　

　　What is the deployment cost of NB-IoT vertical application?

　　

　　The deployment cost of NB-IoT vertical application field includes hardware cost, network cost, installation cost and service cost. If we want to realize the scale of application field, we must reduce the deployment cost.

　　

　　What is the focus of NB-IoT in vertical application field?

　　

　　NB-IoT technology can meet the requirements of low-rate services with low power consumption, long standby, deep coverage and large capacity, and is more suitable for static services, low sensitivity to time delay, discontinuous movement and real-time data transmission. 1. Autonomous anomaly reporting business types: such as smoke alarm detectors, abnormal equipment operation, etc. The uplink data volume is extremely small (on the order of ten bytes), and the cycle is mostly in years and months. 2. Business types of autonomous periodic reporting: such as remote meter reading of public utilities and environmental monitoring, etc. The uplink data volume is small (on the order of 100 bytes), and the cycle is mostly in days and hours. 3. Service type of remote control instruction:

　　

　　For example, if the equipment is turned on/off remotely, and the equipment triggers to send an uplink report, the downlink data amount is very small (on the order of ten bytes), and the cycle is mostly in days and hours. 4. Software remote update service type: such as software patch/update, and the uplink and downlink need a large amount of data (kilobyte level), and the cycle is mostly in days and hours.

　　If the mobile phone uses GPRS DTU on the Internet, data can be sent and received in groups, which means that users are always online and charged according to traffic, which quickly reduces the service cost. If CSD bearer is changed to GPRS, it means that dozens of people will bear the cost of the original one. Therefore, many unnecessary expenses will be greatly reduced.period radio Module Many adjustments have also been made, and the direction of product research and development has been reversed, in order to better meet the market demand. https://www.hkulike.com/

　　

　　The advantage of GPRS DTU is that its data transmission speed is not comparable to that of GSM. At present, the transmission speed of GSM mobile communication network is 9.6K kilobytes per second, and the transmission speed of GPRS mobile phone has reached 56Kbps when it was launched at the beginning of this year, and now it has reached 115Kbps. Packet is to package Data into many independent packets, and then send these packets one by one, which is somewhat similar to sending a package. The advantage of packet switching is that it only takes up bandwidth when there is data to be sent, and it can be priced according to the amount of data transmitted, which is a more reasonable charging method for users, because most of the time and bandwidth of data transmission like the Internet are intermittent.

　　

　　GPRS DTU can provide four different coding methods, which also provide different error protection capabilities. Using four different coding methods, each time slot can provide different transmission rates. Each user can use up to eight time slots at the same time. So GPRS DTU is called high transmission rate.